Montana vs New Hampshire
A tax calculator says the difference is $797 a year. Once you count what a dollar actually buys in each, Montana is $7,782 ahead — $77,823 over 10 years.
Property tax is set by counties, not states. Inside Texas alone the rate varies six times over, so this is the single choice that changes the answer most.
Does it work everywhere in New Hampshire?
in what the money buys · $77,823 over 10 years
You need 11.5% more for the move to break even.
Who worked this out, and what it is built on
I build and maintain every comparison on this site — 1275 state pairs so far, on the same engine that runs the tax calculators for all 50 states and 3,143 counties. This is not a template with two names swapped into it: Montana and New Hampshire are run through the actual rules of each place, and if the numbers say the move is not worth it, that is what the page says.
Four sources, and one deliberate refusal. Federal figures from the IRS revenue procedure. State rates read one state at a time off each state’s own department of revenue. County property tax from the US Census Bureau. Cost of living from the Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parities, 2024 — and not from Numbeo or any other crowd-sourced index, because those are filled in by users, publish no methodology, and cannot be cited. That single choice is most of why the cost-of-living numbers here differ from everybody else’s.
When I get something wrong I publish the correction with the date and what it cost — including the two mistakes on these pages I found myself. Data last verified September 1, 2026.
Where to go from here
Almost nobody is choosing between exactly two places. These are the questions that usually come next, with the answer already attached so you can see which is worth opening.
Other moves involving Montana or New Hampshire
States that sit near New Hampshire on prices compared against Montana, and the mirror of that. The comparison you would run next.
- Connecticut vs Montana— Montana by $10,478
- Florida vs Montana— Montana by $2,445
- Maryland vs Montana— Montana by $11,374
- New Hampshire vs North Carolina— North Carolina by $8,975
- New Hampshire vs Wisconsin— Wisconsin by $5,450
- New Hampshire vs South Carolina— South Carolina by $9,799
Each state on its own
The full detail behind each half of the comparison above.
The counties that decide it
Property tax is set by county, and the spread inside one state beats most state pairs.
- Madison County, Montana— 0.41%, the cheapest
- Blaine County, Montana— 1.52%, the dearest
- Carroll County, New Hampshire— 1.06%, the cheapest
- Sullivan County, New Hampshire— 2.38%, the dearest
Similar in price to Montana
States that sit next to Montana on the price index — often the comparison people should have run.
- Georgia— 96.3 on prices
- Michigan— 96.2 on prices
- Idaho— 95.5 on prices
- North Carolina— 94.3 on prices
- Every Montana comparison— all 50
- Every New Hampshire comparison— all 50
- The nine states with no income tax— and what they charge instead
New Hampshire has no income tax, and against Montana that is worth only $797 — here is where it goes
New Hampshire does not levy a state income tax. That single fact drives most of the traffic between these two states, and taken alone it implies a saving of $4,289 a year on $100,000 — what Montana would have taken.
The actual change in take-home is $797, because New Hampshire charges more property tax: $7,920 against $2,834 on a $400,000 home. States without an income tax raise the money somewhere, and the somewhere is usually your house. Then prices move it again — 94.6 against 104.2 on the official index — leaving a real difference of $7,782 a year in favour of Montana, 9.8× the nominal figure.
Where the two sit nationally: New Hampshire is the 9th most expensive place to live of the 51 — the 50 states and the District of Columbia — and Montana is 30th. Housing, the component that moves most, is 84.6 against 114.9.
Grey columns are what a year of Montana and a year of New Hampshire are worth in the same money. The bars between them are each thing that changes, in the order it changes: green adds, amber takes away.
Where the money actually goes, line by line
Five separate taxes, and here they matter but they do not win: the price level shifts the answer by $6,940 against $5,086 for the biggest tax gap. Both are in play, which makes this one of the pairs where the layers are worth reading closely:
Federal income tax — $13,170 either way. Identical, because it is federal. Any comparison that shows a difference here is wrong.
FICA — $7,650 either way. Also federal, also identical.
State income tax — $4,289 in Montana, $0 in New Hampshire. New Hampshire does not levy one at all, which is the fact that sells the move — and, as the next line shows, not the fact that decides it.
Property tax — $2,834 in Montana, $7,920 in New Hampshire on a $400,000 home, at each state's median local rate. This is bigger than the income tax difference, and it runs the other way — which is the whole reason the headline number disappoints.
Local income tax — zero on both sides. New Hampshire has none at any level, state or local — and that holds for all nine states without a state income tax, none of which lets a county or city levy one either. The two go together.
Total: $27,944 in Montana against $28,740 in New Hampshire — 27.9% and 28.7% of gross.
And New Hampshire housing costs 35.8% more
The cost of living gap between Montana and New Hampshire is almost entirely a housing gap, and that is only visible because the Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parity publishes its components separately rather than as one blended number. 100 is the national average.
Cheaper in New Hampshire than MontanaDearer in New Hampshire than Montana
Each bar is how far apart Montana and New Hampshire are on that component, and which way. Housing almost always runs several times wider than everything else — which is why a single blended index tells you very little.
All items — 94.6 in Montana, 104.2 in New Hampshire. A gap of 9.6 points.
Housing — 84.6 against 114.9. A gap of 30.3 points, 3.2× the headline gap. This is what people mean when they say somewhere is expensive.
Goods — 96 against 98.6, 2.6 points apart — 11.7 times narrower than the housing gap — and typical: across all 1,275 pairs the median is 2.7 points for goods against 24.9 for housing. Blended into one figure, what you are reading is mostly housing wearing a general label.
Utilities — 72.3 against 133.7. 61.4 points, the second widest component after housing on this pair, and large enough to matter to anyone heating or cooling a big house.
Which half of this reaches you depends on whether you buy. Renting, the real difference between Montana and New Hampshire is $3,177 a year — property tax comes out of your side entirely, and what is left is the price level. Buying a $400,000 home it is $7,782. So buying widens the gap by $4,605: the more house you own, the more this comparison is worth to you.
The number to take into a salary negotiation: $111,527
This is the question people are actually asking and almost nobody answers: what would I need to earn in New Hampshire to live exactly as well as I do on $100,000 in Montana?
$111,527. That is 11.5% more than you earn now. Anything less than $111,527 and the move costs you money however it is presented.
The dashed line is the salary you earn now. The solid line is what matches it in New Hampshire. If the relationship were a simple multiplier the two would be parallel — they are not, because brackets, the Social Security ceiling and a property tax that does not move with income all bend it.
The obvious shortcut fails here, and by a measurable amount. Scaling your salary by the ratio of price levels — $100,000 × 104.2/94.6 — gives $110,148. The answer is $111,527, so the shortcut is $1,379 too low: brackets, the Social Security ceiling and a property tax that ignores income all bend the line the shortcut assumes is straight.
The figure belongs to the two states and your income. On $40,000 the match in New Hampshire is $48,766, 21.9% above what you earn; on $250,000 it is $264,209, 5.7% above. The relationship bends by 16.2% across that range.
"Montana" and "New Hampshire" are not places you can compare
Every figure above uses each state's median local property tax rate — its counties in Montana, its counties in New Hampshire — and that is a simplification the page should own rather than hide.
New Hampshire has 10 counties, and the effective property tax rate runs from 1.06% in Carroll County to 2.38% in Sullivan County — 2.3 times. On a $400,000 home that is a spread of $5,282 a year, without leaving the state.
56 counties. Each dot is one. The spread is 3.7 times from end to end, which is why a state average is not a number you can plan with.
Montana has 56 counties, and the effective property tax rate runs from 0.41% in Madison County to 1.52% in Blaine County — 3.7 times. On a $400,000 home that is a spread of $4,454 a year, without leaving the state.
So the honest version of this question is not "Montana or New Hampshire" but which county. Picking the cheapest county in New Hampshire against the dearest county in Montana swings the property tax line by $1,863 a year; the reverse choice swings it $7,872 the other way. Against a headline difference of $7,782, the county is not a detail — it is most of the decision.
Neither Montana nor New Hampshire lets its counties levy their own income tax, so that layer is genuinely zero here rather than unmodelled — one of the 1,225 pairs out of 1,275 where it does not apply. It is the reason Montana and New Hampshire are easier to compare honestly than most neighbours are.
Over 10 years: $77,823
Nobody moves for one year, and almost no comparison prices the decision over the horizon on which it is actually made.
At $7,782 a year of real difference, 10 years in Montana instead of New Hampshire is worth $77,823 in today's purchasing power — before compounding anything you might invest it in.
The line starts below zero because moving costs about $15,000 and lands entirely in year one. It takes until year 2 for the move to pay for itself. That is the figure a per-year comparison hides.
The first slice of it is not yours, though. Reckoning $15,000 for removal, fees and selling costs — this page's assumption, not a sourced figure — at $7,782 a year it takes 1.9 years to earn back, so a stay shorter than that loses money on a move the annual figure calls a win.
At three horizons: $23,347 over three years, $77,823 over 10, $233,470 over thirty.
None of those figures contains the one variable that could overturn them: the same job rarely pays the same in Montana and New Hampshire. That is what the $111,527 break-even above is for — it prices an offer instead of assuming the offer is identical.
Where every number here comes from
Four sources, each read off the body that publishes it:
US Bureau of Economic Analysis — Regional Price Parities by State and Metro Area, 2024 (released 19 February 2026) — read 2026-09-08. https://www.bea.gov/data/prices-inflation/regional-price-parities-state-and-metro-area
IRS — Revenue Procedure for the tax year (federal brackets, standard deduction and FICA) — read 2026-09-02. https://www.irs.gov/
Each state's own department of revenue (state income tax rates and deductions), verified one state at a time — read 2026-09-02. https://estimatetax.net/sources/
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (county effective property tax rates) — read 2026-08-31. https://data.census.gov/
The cost of living index is the part worth checking, because it is where comparison sites usually reach for something crowd-sourced. The Regional Price Parities are produced by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, cover every state and metro area, and are published with a methodology document. The figures here are the 2024 release and are not extrapolated forward.
And what this page does not model:
— The cost of living index is the BEA's Regional Price Parity for 2024, the most recent published. It is not extrapolated to the current year, and it is a state-wide average — inside a state, a metro area and a rural county differ by more than most state pairs do.
— Moving costs, state transfer taxes on buying a home, and the cost of selling the one you have are not included. On a short stay they can outweigh every annual difference on this page.
— Sales tax is not modelled. It is inside the BEA index — that is what a price parity measures — but it is not broken out separately here.
— The comparison assumes the same salary in both places unless you change it. In practice a job in a high-cost state usually pays more, which is exactly what the break-even figure is for.
— Health insurance, childcare and car insurance vary enormously by state and are only inside the index as averages. If any of the three is a large part of your budget, it deserves its own arithmetic.
Where to go next
Questions
- Is it cheaper to live in Montana or New Hampshire?
- Montana, by $7,782 a year in real purchasing power on $100,000 with a $400,000 home. The take-home difference is only $797; the rest comes from the cost of living, where Montana indexes at 94.6 and New Hampshire at 104.2 against a national average of 100.
- How much do I need to earn in New Hampshire to match $100,000 in Montana?
- $111,527 — 11.5% more. That accounts for federal tax, FICA, state tax, property tax and the price level in each state.
- What are the taxes in Montana vs New Hampshire?
- On $100,000: state income tax of $4,289 in Montana against $0 in New Hampshire, and property tax of $2,834 against $7,920 on a $400,000 home at median county rates. Federal tax and FICA are identical in both — $13,170 and $7,650 — so any comparison showing a difference there is wrong.
- Does New Hampshire really have lower property tax?
- That depends entirely on the county, which is why a state-level answer is not much use. New Hampshire runs from 1.06% in Carroll County to 2.38% in Sullivan County — 2.3 times, or $5,282 a year on a $400,000 home. The median is 1.98%.
- How much is the difference over 10 years?
- $77,823 in today's purchasing power, at $7,782 a year. That excludes moving and housing transaction costs, which land in year one and can outweigh everything else on a short stay.
- Where does your cost of living data come from?
- The Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parities for 2024, an official index covering every state and metro area with a published methodology. Not a crowd-sourced database — and it comes broken into housing, goods, utilities and services, which matters because housing moves several times more than anything else.