2026 · tax + cost of living · property tax by county
New York vs Texas
A tax calculator says the difference is $8,597 a year. Once you count what a dollar actually buys in each, Texas is $15,613 ahead — $156,134 over 10 years.
Clearly better in Texas$15,613 a yearWorth 15.6% of your salary a year, every year you stay. This one is not a rounding error.
Property tax is set by counties, not states. Inside Texas alone the rate varies six times over, so this is the single choice that changes the answer most.
Step 1 of 4 · no account, nothing saved
Does it work everywhere in Texas?
One dot per county in Texas. The move works in all 250 of them.Texas is ahead by
$15,613 a year
in what the money buys · $156,134 over 10 years
To live the same in Texas, earn
$78,450
A pay cut of up to $21,550 (21.6%) still leaves you level.
Federal + FICAState income taxProperty taxTake-home
I build and maintain every comparison on this site — 1275 state pairs so far, on the same engine that runs the tax calculators for all 50 states and 3,143 counties. This is not a template with two names swapped into it: New York and Texas are run through the actual rules of each place, and if the numbers say the move is not worth it, that is what the page says.
Four sources, and one deliberate refusal. Federal figures from the IRS revenue procedure. State rates read one state at a time off each state’s own department of revenue. County property tax from the US Census Bureau. Cost of living from the Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parities, 2024 — and not from Numbeo or any other crowd-sourced index, because those are filled in by users, publish no methodology, and cannot be cited. That single choice is most of why the cost-of-living numbers here differ from everybody else’s.
When I get something wrong I publish the correction with the date and what it cost — including the two mistakes on these pages I found myself. Data last verified September 1, 2026.
Almost nobody is choosing between exactly two places. These are the questions that usually come next, with the answer already attached so you can see which is worth opening.
Other moves involving New York or Texas
States that sit near Texas on prices compared against New York, and the mirror of that. The comparison you would run next.
Texas leaves you $15,613 a year better off — not the number you were expecting
On $100,000 with a $400,000 home, the take-home difference between New York and Texas is $8,597 a year. That is what a tax calculator gives you, and it is a nominal figure: it treats a dollar in New York and a dollar in Texas as the same thing.
They are not. On the Bureau of Economic Analysis price index New York is 107.9 and Texas is 97.1, where 100 is the national average. Deflate each take-home by where it gets spent and what the money actually buys is $60,778 in New York against $76,391 in Texas — a real difference of $15,613 a year, 1.8× the nominal one, and $156,134 over the 10 years most people stay.
Where the two sit nationally: New York is the 5th most expensive place to live of the 51 — the 50 states and the District of Columbia — and Texas is 25th. Housing, the component that moves most, is 122.2 against 96.5.
From New York to Texas, step by step
Grey columns are what a year of New York and a year of Texas are worth in the same money. The bars between them are each thing that changes, in the order it changes: green adds, amber takes away.
Where the money actually goes, line by line
Five separate taxes, and here they matter but they do not win: the price level shifts the answer by $7,646 against $4,860 for the biggest tax gap. Both are in play, which makes this one of the pairs where the layers are worth reading closely:
Federal income tax — $13,170 either way. Identical, because it is federal. Any comparison that shows a difference here is wrong.
FICA — $7,650 either way. Also federal, also identical.
State income tax — $4,860 in New York, $0 in Texas. Texas does not levy one at all, which is the fact that sells the move — and, as the next line shows, not the fact that decides it.
Property tax — $8,741 in New York, $5,004 in Texas on a $400,000 home, at each state's median local rate. Smaller than the income tax gap here, which is not usually the case.
Local income tax — zero on both sides. Texas has none at any level, state or local — and that holds for all nine states without a state income tax, none of which lets a county or city levy one either. The two go together.
Total: $34,421 in New York against $25,824 in Texas — 34.4% and 25.8% of gross.
And New York housing costs 26.6% more
Comparison sites use a single crowd-sourced cost-of-living figure. This is the Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parity, official and broken into components — and on this pair the components tell a stranger story than the headline, starting with utilities.
Price level, component by component
All items
107.9 → 97.1
Housing
122.2 → 96.5
Goods
107.3 → 98.1
Utilities
134.4 → 87.5
Services
104.1 → 97.1
Cheaper in Texas than New YorkDearer in Texas than New York
Each bar is how far apart New York and Texas are on that component, and which way. Housing almost always runs several times wider than everything else — which is why a single blended index tells you very little.
All items — 107.9 in New York, 97.1 in Texas. A gap of 10.8 points.
Housing — 122.2 against 96.5. A gap of 25.7 points, 2.4× the headline gap. This is what people mean when they say somewhere is expensive.
Goods — 107.3 against 98.1, 9.2 points apart — wide for goods: across all 1,275 state pairs the median goods gap is 2.7 points against 24.9 for housing, so on this pair the shopping basket genuinely differs and not just the rent.
Utilities — 134.4 against 87.5. 46.9 points, the second widest component after housing on this pair, and large enough to matter to anyone heating or cooling a big house.
Which half of this reaches you depends on whether you buy. Renting, the real difference between New York and Texas is $12,666 a year — property tax comes out of your side entirely, and what is left is the price level. Buying a $400,000 home it is $15,613. So buying widens the gap by $2,947: the more house you own, the more this comparison is worth to you.
The number to take into a salary negotiation: $78,450
This is the question people are actually asking and almost nobody answers: what would I need to earn in Texas to live exactly as well as I do on $100,000 in New York?
$78,450. That is 21.6% less than you earn now. You could take a pay cut of $21,550 moving to Texas and be no worse off — which is a very different conversation to have with a recruiter than "Texas has lower taxes".
What you would need to earn in Texas, at every salary
The dashed line is the salary you earn now. The solid line is what matches it in Texas. If the relationship were a simple multiplier the two would be parallel — they are not, because brackets, the Social Security ceiling and a property tax that does not move with income all bend it.
The obvious shortcut fails here, and by a measurable amount. Scaling your salary by the ratio of price levels — $100,000 × 97.1/107.9 — gives $89,991. The answer is $78,450, so the shortcut is $11,541 too high: brackets, the Social Security ceiling and a property tax that ignores income all bend the line the shortcut assumes is straight.
The figure belongs to the two states and your income. On $40,000 the match in Texas is $30,412, 24.0% below what you earn; on $250,000 it is $200,669, 19.7% below. The relationship bends by 4.2% across that range.
"New York" and "Texas" are not places you can compare
Every figure above uses each state's median local property tax rate — its counties in New York, its counties in Texas — and that is a simplification the page should own rather than hide.
Texas has 250 counties, and the effective property tax rate runs from 0.33% in Crockett County to 2.09% in El Paso County — 6.3 times. On a $400,000 home that is a spread of $7,013 a year, without leaving the state.
Every county in Texas, by effective property tax rate
250 counties. Each dot is one. The spread is 6.3 times from end to end, which is why a state average is not a number you can plan with.
New York has 62 counties, and the effective property tax rate runs from 0.69% in Kings County to 3.0% in Orleans County — 4.4 times. On a $400,000 home that is a spread of $9,232 a year, without leaving the state.
So the honest version of this question is not "New York or Texas" but which county. Picking the cheapest county in Texas against the dearest county in New York swings the property tax line by $10,652 a year; the reverse choice swings it $5,593 the other way. Against a headline difference of $15,613, the county is not a detail — it is most of the decision.
Neither New York nor Texas lets its counties levy their own income tax, so that layer is genuinely zero here rather than unmodelled — one of the 1,225 pairs out of 1,275 where it does not apply. It is the reason New York and Texas are easier to compare honestly than most neighbours are.
Over 10 years: $156,134
Nobody moves for one year, and almost no comparison prices the decision over the horizon on which it is actually made.
At $15,613 a year of real difference, 10 years in Texas instead of New York is worth $156,134 in today's purchasing power — before compounding anything you might invest it in.
Cumulative, with moving costs counted
The line starts below zero because moving costs about $15,000 and lands entirely in year one. It takes until year 1 for the move to pay for itself. That is the figure a per-year comparison hides.
And it starts almost immediately. Reckon $15,000 for removal, fees and the cost of selling — an assumption, not a sourced figure — and 12 months of the $15,613 annual gain covers it, so from year two everything above is yours.
At three horizons: $46,840 over three years, $156,134 over 10, $468,401 over thirty, all of it net of the move after the first year.
None of those figures contains the one variable that could overturn them: the same job rarely pays the same in New York and Texas. That is what the $78,450 break-even above is for — it prices an offer instead of assuming the offer is identical.
You could take a $21,550 pay cut to move to Texas and be no worse off
That is the version of this comparison worth taking into a negotiation, and it is not a figure any tax calculator produces.
Matching your $100,000 standard of living in New York takes $78,450 in Texas — 21.6% less than you earn now. So an offer of $78,450 is not a downgrade, and an offer above it is a raise however it looks on paper.
The reverse framing is the one recruiters use, and it is worth being able to answer: a company in New York offering to match your current salary is offering you less than the Texas job at $78,450. On 10 years the difference is $156,134.
Where every number here comes from
Four sources, each read off the body that publishes it:
US Bureau of Economic Analysis — Regional Price Parities by State and Metro Area, 2024 (released 19 February 2026) — read 2026-09-08. https://www.bea.gov/data/prices-inflation/regional-price-parities-state-and-metro-area
IRS — Revenue Procedure for the tax year (federal brackets, standard deduction and FICA) — read 2026-09-02. https://www.irs.gov/
Each state's own department of revenue (state income tax rates and deductions), verified one state at a time — read 2026-09-02. https://estimatetax.net/sources/
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (county effective property tax rates) — read 2026-08-31. https://data.census.gov/
The cost of living index is the part worth checking, because it is where comparison sites usually reach for something crowd-sourced. The Regional Price Parities are produced by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, cover every state and metro area, and are published with a methodology document. The figures here are the 2024 release and are not extrapolated forward.
And what this page does not model:
— The cost of living index is the BEA's Regional Price Parity for 2024, the most recent published. It is not extrapolated to the current year, and it is a state-wide average — inside a state, a metro area and a rural county differ by more than most state pairs do.
— Moving costs, state transfer taxes on buying a home, and the cost of selling the one you have are not included. On a short stay they can outweigh every annual difference on this page.
— Sales tax is not modelled. It is inside the BEA index — that is what a price parity measures — but it is not broken out separately here.
— The comparison assumes the same salary in both places unless you change it. In practice a job in a high-cost state usually pays more, which is exactly what the break-even figure is for.
— Health insurance, childcare and car insurance vary enormously by state and are only inside the index as averages. If any of the three is a large part of your budget, it deserves its own arithmetic.
Texas, by $15,613 a year in real purchasing power on $100,000 with a $400,000 home. The take-home difference is only $8,597; the rest comes from the cost of living, where New York indexes at 107.9 and Texas at 97.1 against a national average of 100.
How much do I need to earn in Texas to match $100,000 in New York?
$78,450 — 21.6% less than you earn now, so a pay cut of up to $21,550 still leaves you level. That accounts for federal tax, FICA, state tax, property tax and the price level in each state.
What are the taxes in New York vs Texas?
On $100,000: state income tax of $4,860 in New York against $0 in Texas, and property tax of $8,741 against $5,004 on a $400,000 home at median county rates. Federal tax and FICA are identical in both — $13,170 and $7,650 — so any comparison showing a difference there is wrong.
Does Texas really have lower property tax?
That depends entirely on the county, which is why a state-level answer is not much use. Texas runs from 0.33% in Crockett County to 2.09% in El Paso County — 6.3 times, or $7,013 a year on a $400,000 home. The median is 1.25%.
How much is the difference over 10 years?
$156,134 in today's purchasing power, at $15,613 a year. That excludes moving and housing transaction costs, which land in year one and can outweigh everything else on a short stay.
Where does your cost of living data come from?
The Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional Price Parities for 2024, an official index covering every state and metro area with a published methodology. Not a crowd-sourced database — and it comes broken into housing, goods, utilities and services, which matters because housing moves several times more than anything else.
